Note
that Allaah has commanded all people to enter Islam and to adhere to it
and to beware of whatever is contrary to it. He sent His Prophet
Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) to call mankind to
that. He tells us that those who follow him will be guided and that
those who turn away from him have gone astray. In many verses He warns
against the means that lead to apostasy and all forms of shirk and kufr.
The
scholars (may Allaah have mercy on them) have said, when discussing
apostasy, that a Muslim may apostatize from his religion by doing many
acts that nullify Islam, which makes it permissible to shed his blood
and seize his wealth, and which will put him beyond the pale of Islam.
Among the most serious and most common of these things are ten which
were mentioned by Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhaab and other scholars
(may Allaah have mercy on them all). We will mention them in brief
here, so that you and others can beware of them, in the hope that you
will be safe and sound. We will also explain a little about them after
mentioning each one.
“Verily,
Allaah forgives not (the sin of) setting up partners (in worship) with
Him, but He forgives whom He wills, sins other than that, and whoever
sets up partners in worship with Allaah, has indeed strayed far away”
[al-Nisa’ 4:116]
“Verily,
whosoever sets up partners (in worship) with Allaah, then Allaah has
forbidden Paradise to him, and the Fire will be his abode”
[al-Maa’idah 5:72]
That
includes praying to the dead, seeking their help, making vows and
offering sacrifices to them or to the jinn or to the grave.
2
– Whoever sets up intermediaries between himself and Allaah, asks them
to intercede, and puts his trust in them, is a kaafir according to
scholarly consensus.
3
– Whoever does not regard the mushrikeen as kaafirs, or doubts that
they are kaafirs, or regards their way as correct, is a kaafir.
4
– Whoever believes that anything other than the teaching of the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is more complete than his
teachings, or that the rulings of anyone else are better than his
rulings – such as those who prefer the rule of false laws to his rulings
– is a kaafir.
5
– Whoever hates any part of that which the Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) brought, even if he acts in accordance with it,
is a kaafir, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“That
is because they hate that which Allaah has sent down (this Qur’aan and
Islamic laws); so He has made their deeds fruitless”
[Muhammad 47:9]
6
– Whoever makes fun of anything in the religion of the Prophet (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him), or makes fun of any texts that
refer to rewards or punishments, is a kaafir. The evidence for that is
the verse (interpretation of the meaning):
“Say:
Was it at Allaah, and His Ayaat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons,
signs, revelations, etc.) and His Messenger that you were mocking?
Make no excuse; you disbelieved after you had believed”
[al-Tawbah 9:65-66]
7
– Sihr (witchcraft) – including spells to turn one person against
another or to make someone love another. Whoever does this or approves
of it is a kaafir. The evidence for that is the verse (interpretation of
the meaning):
“but
neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had
said, ‘We are for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from
us)’”
[al-Baqarah 2:102]
8
– Supporting the mushrikeen and helping them against the Muslims. The
evidence for that is the verse in which Allaah says (interpretation of
the meaning):
“O
you who believe! Take not the Jews and the Christians as Awliyaa’
(friends, protectors, helpers), they are but Awliyaa’ of each other. And
if any amongst you takes them (as Awliyaa’), then surely, he is one of
them. Verily, Allaah guides not those people who are the Zaalimoon
(polytheists and wrongdoers and unjust)”
[al-Maa'idah 5:51]
9
– Whoever believes that some people are allowed to operate outside the
law of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) just as
al-Khidr operated outside the law of Moosa (peace be upon him) is a
kaafir, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And
whoever seeks a religion other than Islam, it will never be accepted of
him, and in the Hereafter he will be one of the losers”[Aal ‘Imraan 3:85]
10
– Turning away from the religion of Allaah, not learning it and not
acting in accordance with it. The evidence for that is the verse
(interpretation of the meaning):
“And
who does more wrong than he who is reminded of the Ayaat (proofs,
evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of his Lord, then
turns aside therefrom? Verily, We shall exact retribution from the
Mujrimoon (criminals, disbelievers, polytheists, sinners)”[al-Sajdah 32:22]
With
regard to all of these acts that nullify Islam, it makes no difference
whether a person is joking, serious or afraid, unless he is forced to do
it. All of them are very serious, and they all happen a great deal. The
Muslim should beware of them and fear falling into them. We seek refuge
with Allaah from the things that may incur His wrath and painful
punishment. May Allaah send blessings and peace upon the best of His
creation, Muhammad, and upon his family and companions.
The
fourth category includes those who believe that the systems and laws
devised by men are better than the sharee’ah of Islam, or equal to it;
or that it is permissible to refer to them for judgements and rulings,
even if he believes that referring to sharee’ah is better; or that the
Islamic system is not fit to be applied in the twentieth century; or
that it was the cause of the Muslims’ backwardness; or that it should be
limited to a person’s relationship with his Lord and not have anything
to do with the other affairs of life
The
fourth category also includes those who think that carrying out the
ruling of Allaah by cutting off the hand of the thief or stoning the
married adulterer is not appropriate in the modern age.
That
also includes: everyone who believes that it is permissible to rule
according to something other than the laws of Allaah with regard to
interactions, hudood punishments or other matters, even if he does not
believe that that is better than the ruling of sharee’ah, because by
doing so he is regarding as permissible something that Allaah has
forbidden according to consensus, and everyone who regards as
permissible something that Allaah has forbidden and is well known to be
forbidden in Islam, such that no Muslim has any excuse for not knowing
that it is forbidden, such as adultery, alcohol and riba, and ruling by
something other than the sharee’ah of Allaah, is a kaafir according to
the consensus of the Muslims.
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